How to Test PCIe 7.0® Transmitter Compliance

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Pro Benchtop Oscilloscope
+ Pro Benchtop Oscilloscope
Pro Benchtop Oscilloscope
+ Pro Benchtop Oscilloscope

Validate 128 GT/S PAM4 Transmitter Signal Integrity for PCIe 7.0 Compliance

At 128 GT/s, PCI Express (PCIe) 7.0 transmitter compliance testing becomes significantly more challenging due to reduced voltage margins, multi-level pulse amplitude modulation 4 (PAM4) signaling, and increased sensitivity to noise, distortion, and channel effects. Accurately characterizing transmitter performance requires precise measurement of eye height and width, signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR), and both deterministic and random jitter components. Small measurement errors caused by oscilloscope noise, fixture loss, or improper calibration can significantly impact results, making it difficult to confidently verify compliance and margin at these data rates.

PCIe 7.0 transmitter validation is performed using real-time oscilloscope with at least 70 GHz bandwidth combined with automated compliance and signal integrity analysis software to capture and analyze 128 GT/s PAM4 waveforms. The workflow includes PAM4 eye diagram measurements, SNDR analysis, pulse width jitter evaluation, and jitter decomposition using calibrated test configurations. Accurate results require fixture de-embedding, channel equalization, and oscilloscope noise correction, along with automated test setup guidance, margin analysis, and repeatable pass/fail reporting for PCI Express transmitter compliance validation workflows.

PCIe 7.0 Transmitter Compliance Solution

PCIe 7.0 transmitter compliance testing requires highly accurate PAM4 signal analysis at 128 GT/s to overcome reduced margins, increased noise sensitivity, and complex jitter and distortion effects. Keysight’s PCIe 7.0 transmitter compliance solution includes a 70 GHz Pro benchtop oscilloscope, PCIe transmitter compliance automation, and advanced PAM4 analysis software to handle waveform acquisition, measurement, and analysis. This solution enables precise measurement through fixture de-embedding, channel equalization, and oscilloscope noise correction, while automating test setup, margin analysis, and reporting to deliver validation results aligned with the PCI Express Base Specification as compliance requirements continue to evolve.
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