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5 New Features and Test Challenges for 802.11ax

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Consumer demand for wireless data access and throughput has grown steadily since wireless localarea networks (WLAN) first became popular with the adoption of the IEEE 802.11b standard in 1999. Today, users expect widespread availability of high speed WLAN to support data-intensive applications such as video streaming, gaming, and virtual reality. The number of WLAN-enabled devices sharing a network has also increased greatly, with PCs, smartphones, tablets, cameras, TVs, and smart home devices being common in-home environments.

Over the years, updates to the 802.11 standards have brought improvements in the maximum data rates for WLAN. 802.11a/g increased the speed from the original 11 Mbps of 802.11b to 54 Mbps. 802.11n (High Throughput or HT specification) increased the rate of 1 stream to 150 Mbps, and also introduced the idea of MIMO (multiple input, multiple output antennas) to transmit up to 4 streams for 600 Mbps maximum data throughput. 802.11ac (Very High Throughput or VHT specification) increased the data rate for 1 stream to 866.7 Mbps, and allows up to 8 streams, for a theoretical maximum data rate of 6.93 Gbps. However, the reality is that especially in crowded environments such as airports and stadiums, users commonly experience far slower data rates. The new 802.11ax standard (High Efficiency or HE specification) aims to provide better spectral efficiency, capacity, and coverage in dense deployment scenarios as well as outdoor environments, with a goal to improve the average throughput per station by at least 4x compared to 802.11ac. Let’s take a look at five new features in 802.11ax that enable these improvements.

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