Debugging Automotive Serial Buses

Application Notes

To improve efficiency of system communication and to reduce cost, all of today’s automotive designs employ a variety of serial bus communication protocols. The I2C and SPI protocols are cost often used for chip-to-chip communication within electronic control units (ECUs). For longer distant serial communication and control between various automotive subsystems such as comfort control systems, anti-lock brakes, drive train, and engine control, the CAN, CAN FD, LIN, SENT, and FlexRay protocols are the most popular serial buses implemented in today’s vehicles.

The LIN serial bus, which is based on a master-slave relationship, is primarily used in non-safety critical applications such as seat and mirror controls. The differential event-triggered CAN/CAN FD serial buses, which have higher noise immunity than the single-ended LIN bus, have been the vehicle’s workhorse control bus for more than two decades now. The differential time-triggered FlexRay serial bus, which operates on a synchronous deterministic schedule, is an emerging serial bus technology used in some of today’s higher-end automobiles for more performance-demanding and safety-critical systems. The SENT (single edge nibble transmission) bus is used to digitally transmit sensor data to automotive ECUs.

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Debugging Automotive Serial Buses

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