Preselection Architectures in Signal Analyzers - YIG-Tuned Filter vs. Switched Filter Bank

Modern signal analyzers operating at microwave and millimeter-wave frequencies must convert a wide range of input signals down to an intermediate frequency (IF) where they can be digitized and processed. The Keysight XA5 SA6210A Signal Analyzer incorporates both YTF and switched filter bank in the architecture so that users can select the method that works best for the measurement.

Impedance Measurement Handbook

Learn the basics of impedance measurements using Keysight LCR meters, impedance analyzers, and network analyzers. Explore impedance measurement techniques and tools.

Specifying Calibration Standards and Kits for Keysight Vector Network Analyzers

This application note covers calibration standard definitions, calibration kit content, and the structure requirements for Keysight's vector network analyzers.

Time Domain Analysis Using a Network Analyzer

Time domain analysis is useful for impedance measurement and for evaluating a device problem. Learn how to apply the time domain display with network analyzers.

Spectrum Analysis Basics

Application Note 150 teaches the fundamentals of spectrum analyzers and spectrum analysis basics including the latest advances in spectrum analyzer capabilities.

Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Noise Figure Measurements

Explore information on RF and Microwave noise figure measurements, starting from the concept of noise figure and noise temperature, describing the noise characteristics of two-ports networks, and highlighting the different methods used to measure noise figure, such as Y-Factor and the Direct Noise measurement method.

Understanding the Fundamental Principles of Vector Network Analysis

Review the fundamental principles of vector network analysis and its use, including scattering parameters (S-parameters) and RF transmission line measurements.

TDECQ Measurement Update

This paper discusses how the measurement of TDECQ has evolved and improved, and what users of Keysight systems should expect for accuracy and consistency for a wide variety of test scenarios.

Advanced Design System (ADS) Circuit Design Cookbook 2.0

The ADS Circuit Design Cookbook provides getting started details of ADS software. The ADS circuit cookbook organizes the design work in the form of workspaces.

Noise Figure Measurement Accuracy: The Y-Factor Method

This app note discusses the fundamentals of noise figure measurement using Y-factor method and how to avoid noise figure mistakes.

Testing Switch Mode Power Supplies Using the Infiniium EXR- and MXR-Series Oscilloscopes

Understand and follow along on implementing the fundamental measurements of input, switching, and output analysis performed by the EXR- and MXR-series oscilloscopes using the optional power analysis software (P/N: D9010PWRA).

Oscilloscope Fundamentals

Acquire skills in the art of oscilloscope basics and their practical applications. Learn the essentials of using oscilloscopes for precise signal analysis and testing.

The Parametric Measurement Handbook - Edition 5

The 5th edition of Keysight’s Parametric Measurement Handbook is a complete parametric measurement reference, with information helpful for both novice and advanced users.

Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements (Part 1)

Part 1 of fundamental power measurements covers understanding the basis for power measurements, sensor technologies and power meter theory.

Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Measurements (Part 4)

Part 4 of the “Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements” series includes selection guides and application-oriented comparisons of power instrumentation.

Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements (Part 2)

Part 2 in the fundamentals of RF and microwave power measurement series. We explain the sensor technologies needed for unknown modulations and signals under test.

De-Embedding and Embedding S-Parameter Networks Using a Vector Network Analyzer

Explore the techniques of de-embedding and embedding S-parameter networks with a DUT. The error coefficients can be modified using the error-correcting algorithms of the VNA.

How to Address DisplayPort 2.1 Transmitter, Receiver, and Cable Test Challenges

DisplayPort 2.1 introduces ultra-high bit rate signaling up to 80 Gb/s, creating new validation challenges across transmitter, receiver, and cable testing. This application note examines signal integrity constraints, stress generation complexity, and compliance requirements, and outlines automated, high-performance measurement solutions to improve accuracy, throughput, and debug visibility.

Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements (Part 3)

Part 3 of “Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements” is a comprehensive overview of the contributing factors to power measurement uncertainty.

Signal Integrity Analysis Series

Part 1 of a 2-part series explaining techniques in signal integrity analysis for those who use single-port TDR, TDR / TDT and 2-port TDR. Learn more.