Understanding FMCW Automotive Radar

Radar based on a frequency modulated continuous waveform (FMCW) is the key technology used in most automotive radar applications today. Unlike more traditional pulsed radar, FMCW radar can avoid high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in transmission, which simplifies the design process for antennas and RF components like power amplifiers. Consequently, an automotive radar system based on this technology offers more advantages, such as better performance with simplified RF components, small size, light weight, and low cost.

In this application note, we will study FMCW radar technology, focusing on the wideband 77 – 81 GHz range, and describe the possible test setups for your designs to ensure maximum efficiency, reliability, and repeatability.

You will also get an overview of how to leverage Keysight tools like the Keysight Pathwave vector signal analysis (VSA) software. Using VSA in conjunction with a Keysight signal analyzer and oscilloscope for comprehensive testing ensures that your radar device is working correctly. The test platform also helps you adhere to the strictest tolerances, giving multiple insights to many signal parameters that can affect the end quality of the radar device. 

You will also learn how to use the Keysight arbitrary waveform generator (AWG) for wide bandwidth and multi-channel signal generation. Used in conjunction with a signal analysis solution and a radar target simulator, you can implement lab-based interference testing using the AWG to create real world signals.

Finally, we will discuss how you can use test automation to control all hardware and software in your test setups. This includes hardware connections and control, to connecting to appropriate software such as VSA to make one-click measurements. 

Many standards bodies, including the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) are working towards conformance and compliance testing for radar devices which require specific instrument setups for each test. These test setups are available via one-click setups using Keysight solutions for radar testing, saving you setup time, and giving you back more time to test.