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Application Notes
During the past few years, several novel methods have been introduced in the field of atomic force microscopy (AFM) to image the mechanical properties of soft materials. Tribological and viscoelastic properties have been probed in friction force imaging under sliding contact (1, 2) as well as cantilevermodulation amplitude and/or phase imaging under continuous (1-3) or intermittent contact (4-6). On a viscoelastic material, regions of greater loss modulus dampen the cantilever modulation more substantially (1-4), that is, dissipate more strain energy. Enhanced viscoelastic dissipation also translates into greater friction under sliding contact (1, 2). Variations in storage modulus and adhesion on a viscoelastic material may further complicate frictional response. A systematic examination of competing mechanisms necessitates multiple, complementary imaging modes.
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