Technical Overviews
Introduction
Mobile WiMAX Measurement Application
The Mobile WiMAX measurement application transforms the X-Series signal analyzers into standard-based Mobile WiMAX transmitter testers by adding fast one-button power and modulation measurements to help you design, evaluate, and manufacture your Mobile WiMAX devices, based on IEEE 802.16e-2005 and WiBro. When the Keysight Technologies, Inc. N9030A PXA or N9020A MXA signal analyzer has optional baseband IQ inputs, Option BBA, each of the RF and analog baseband IQ signals of Mobile WiMAX can be measured to compare signal quality.
The Mobile WiMAX measurement application is just one in a common library of more than 25 measurement applications in the Keysight X-Series. The Keysight X-Series is an evolutionary approach to signal analysis that spans instrumentation, measurements and software. The X-Series analyzers, with upgradeable CPU, memory, disk drives, and I/O ports, enable you to keep your test assets current and extend instrument longevity. Proven algorithms, 100% code-compatibility, and a common UI across the X-Series create a consistent measurement framework for signal analysis that ensures repeatable results and measurement integrity so you can leverage your test system software through all phases of product development. In addition to fixed, perpetual licenses for our X-Series measurement applications, we also offer transportable licenses which can increase the value of your investment by allowing to you transport the application to multiple X-Series analyzers.
Mobile WiMAX Overview
The IEEE 802.16e-2005 standard, often referred to as Mobile WiMAX, defines the physical layer (PHY) and medium access control (MAC) protocol for products that extend broadband wireless access (BWA) from the local area network (LAN) to the metropolitan area network (MAN). The standard contains specifications for licensed and unlicensed BWA operating between 2 and 11 GHz. The term OFDMA used to describe this new technology means orthogonal frequency division multiple access and it distinguishes the system from OFDM technologies such as Fixed WiMAX or 802.11 WLAN. The standard includes an OFDMA PHY layer with sub-channelization that allows the time and frequency resources to be dynamically allocated among multiple users across the downlink (DL) and uplink (UL) sub-frames. It uses a combination of TDD and OFDMA for downlink and uplink signaling and multiple user access. The unique features within the TDD/OFDMA frame provide frequency diversity, frequency reuse, and cell segmentation which improve the performance against fading and inter-cell interference.
For data transmission the standard defines a set of adaptive modulation and coding rate configurations that can be used to trade off data rate for system robustness under various wireless propagation and interference conditions. When the radio link quality is good, the WiMAX system can use a higher-order modulation scheme (more bits/symbol) that will result in more system capacity. When link conditions are poor due to problems such as signal fading or interference, the WiMAX system can change to a lower modulation scheme to maintain an acceptable radio link margin. The allowed modulation types are binary phase shift keying (BPSK), quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM), and 64QAM.
The WiMAX ForumTM is comprised of industry experts whose charter is to bring the IEEE 802.16 standard to the marketplace and to create the process for certification and inter-operability between equipment vendors. The WiMAX Forum tests operational performance based on the standard through the use of radio and protocol conformance test documentation. Subsets of system features are known as profiles, which specify the mandatory and optional features from the 802.16 standard required for baseline functionality and interoperability. The choice of profiles has been driven by spectrum availability, regulatory constraints, and market demand. The WiMAX Forum specifies a series of protocol and radio conformance tests (RCT) for compliance and interoperability between various equipment manufacturers. Certification test houses, such as AT4 Wireless in Spain and Telecommunications Technology Association (TTA) in Korea, were among the first to be approved by the WiMAX Forum to provide conformance testing to the WiMAX profile specifications.
In order to support increased range, link reliability, and throughput, several advanced features are supported in wave 2. These include DL/UL adaptive modulation and coding (DL/UL AMC zones), beamforming, space time coding (STC) or matrix A, 2x2 MIMO with vertical encoding or matrix B, and collaborative spatial multiplexing-uplink (CSM). The use of 2 antennas for transmission and 1 for reception gives the notation 2x1, and the use of 2 antennas for transmission and 2 for reception gives the notation 2x2. Matrix A and matrix B zones may be transmitted by a base station with two transmit antennas. In the downlink subframe, the preamble is followed by the first zone–a mandatory PUSC zone that contains the FCH, the DL-MAP, and the UL-MAP. The preamble and first zone are transmitted only by antenna 0. Antenna 1 is generally expected to be inactive during this time, but becomes active with the first matrix A or matrix B zone in the subframe.
RF Transmitter Tests
The X-Series signal analyzers along with the Mobile WiMAX measurement application, perform transmitter measurements on BS and MS devices in time, frequency and modulation domains. Mobile WiMAX signals with zone types PUSC, FUSC, OPUSC, OFUSC, and AMC can be analyzed. Additionally, modulation analysis can be done on matrix A signals and pilot-based modulation analysis can be done using a single input on matrix B signals.
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