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Have you ever driven from city to city and lost cell phone reception along the way? This can be caused by “residual” bit error rate (BER). In a microwave data link, BER is a function of the received signal strength. Very weak signals can create many bit errors. The power level at which the bit error rate increases significantly is called “threshold.” A considerable body of knowledge has been developed on predicting this threshold because it is a key factor in determining the maximum physical distance of the data link and its ability to transmit data under various weather conditions.
As the received signal strength increases, the error rate will fall to a lower level called the “error floor.” This error floor is the “residual” bit error rate or “residual BER.” Residual BER is the normal operating performance of the data link. At the other end of the curve, as received power increases, the receiver will ultimately reach an overload point where the error rate increases quickly.
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