Column Control DTX

Microwave and Millimeter-wave Frequency Measurements

Application Notes

Choosing the Location of the First Mixer

In signal analyzers, one of the first elements in the signal path is a mixer used as a frequency-translating device. For microwave and millimeter analysis this mixer is the first step in several stages of converting the signal to a range where it can be measured, typically the final intermediate frequency (IF) stage. This mixer is very close to the input connector because signal-path loss increases rapidly with frequency, and sensitivity is optimized when the signal is downconverted as early as possible. This “first mixer” need not be inside the signal analyzer in all cases. To optimize measurement performance, solution cost, and operational convenience, one can consider alternatives in light of recent developments in analyzers, mixers and ultra-wide bandwidth signal-sampling technology.

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Column Control DTX