WEBVTT NOTE This file was exported by MacCaption version 7.0.13 to comply with the WebVTT specification dated March 27, 2017. 00:00:01.627 --> 00:00:03.170 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:23% Why, hello there. 00:00:03.170 --> 00:00:06.465 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:43% In this video, we'll be discussing what a spectrum analyzer is 00:00:06.465 --> 00:00:09.092 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:43% and the different measurements you can make on it. 00:00:09.092 --> 00:00:11.303 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:18% My name is... 00:00:11.303 --> 00:00:12.888 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:13% What the! 00:00:12.888 --> 00:00:15.807 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:44% Who keeps turning off the lights? 00:00:15.807 --> 00:00:18.477 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:12% Get that! 00:00:18.477 --> 00:00:19.478 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:29% What's up, everyone? 00:00:19.478 --> 00:00:22.439 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:57% The name is Nick Ben, and I'm an engineer here at Keysight 00:00:22.439 --> 00:00:25.567 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:38% and welcome to this episode of "What the RF?" 00:00:25.567 --> 00:00:29.988 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:51% In this episode, we'll be discussing what a spectrum or signal analyzer is. 00:00:29.988 --> 00:00:32.908 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:61% "What is a spectrum analyzer?" you may ask. 00:00:32.908 --> 00:00:37.371 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:31% This, right here, is a spectrum analyzer. 00:00:37.371 --> 00:00:40.874 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:64% A spectrum analyzer basically analyzes spectra. 00:00:45.087 --> 00:00:46.713 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:29% Alright, fine, fine, fine, 00:00:46.713 --> 00:00:49.549 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:48% there's more to a spectrum analyzer than I actually let on. 00:00:49.549 --> 00:00:52.886 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:47% If you've ever used an oscilloscope like the one that you see right here, 00:00:52.886 --> 00:00:57.557 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:62% then you know that it displays received signals with respect to amplitude versus time. 00:00:57.557 --> 00:01:01.603 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:62% Now on the other hand, a spectrum analyzer displays received signals 00:01:01.603 --> 00:01:06.024 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:58% with respect to amplitude versus frequency. 00:01:08.151 --> 00:01:14.324 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:55% Now, in terms of a simple analogy for this very complicated electromagnetic topic, 00:01:14.324 --> 00:01:17.494 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:50% I guess you could say it's pretty much like comparing the same data 00:01:17.494 --> 00:01:20.956 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:50% between a pie chart and a bar graph. 00:01:24.167 --> 00:01:28.171 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:62% Here, we see that Daniel has eaten eight pies, 00:01:28.171 --> 00:01:32.551 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:37% Nick has eaten two pies, and Ally has eaten one pie. 00:01:32.551 --> 00:01:36.888 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:41% Also here, we see that Daniel has eaten majority of the pies. 00:01:36.888 --> 00:01:40.809 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:64% This can only mean that Daniel really likes pies. 00:01:51.528 --> 00:01:53.780 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:44% For those of you that don't know, 00:01:53.780 --> 00:01:59.703 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:64% the terms spectrum analyzer and signal analyzer are used almost interchangeably, 00:01:59.703 --> 00:02:02.039 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:50% but there are some slight differences. 00:02:02.039 --> 00:02:06.710 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:64% Spectrum analyzers display a signal's amplitude as it varies by frequency, 00:02:06.710 --> 00:02:11.882 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:58% but by definition, a spectrum analyzer does not measure the phase of your signal. 00:02:11.882 --> 00:02:14.843 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:48% Now, without this phase information of your signal, 00:02:14.843 --> 00:02:18.180 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:48% we wouldn't be able to measure, for example, digital communications 00:02:18.180 --> 00:02:20.390 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:37% like LTE on your cell phone. 00:02:20.390 --> 00:02:26.688 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:62% On the contrary, a signal analyzer like this one measures the amplitude and phase of a signal 00:02:26.688 --> 00:02:28.273 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:29% at a single frequency. 00:02:28.273 --> 00:02:30.984 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:61% If you transmit an RF signal from your device, 00:02:30.984 --> 00:02:35.072 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:60% a signal analyzer can downconvert the signal into a digital signal 00:02:35.072 --> 00:02:39.534 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:64% and the signal analyzer can display the signal in terms of constellations, 00:02:39.534 --> 00:02:42.954 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:53% spectrum, power versus time, et cetera. 00:02:42.954 --> 00:02:50.670 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:54% Basically, a signal analyzer can measure both amplitude and frequency 00:02:50.670 --> 00:02:54.174 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:58% and phase of your signal of interest which you can't do on a spectrum analyzer. 00:02:54.174 --> 00:02:58.845 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:65% Now, let's learn what kind of measurements we can make on our all-knowing signal analyzer. 00:02:58.845 --> 00:03:02.057 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:45% The main use of a signal analyzer is to measure the power 00:03:02.057 --> 00:03:07.979 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:58% of a signal's various frequency components like radio frequency and audio signals. 00:03:07.979 --> 00:03:12.818 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:59% A signal analyzer allows you to analyze your device's signal and circuit performance 00:03:12.818 --> 00:03:15.654 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:62% in a way that isn't possible using other means. 00:03:15.654 --> 00:03:17.739 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:48% Say, looking at it in the time domain. 00:03:17.739 --> 00:03:21.535 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:57% Spectrum and signal analyzers can make a large variety of measurements 00:03:21.535 --> 00:03:25.038 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:51% ranging from harmonic distortion tests for transmitters, 00:03:25.038 --> 00:03:30.335 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:65% WLAN analysis, and spectral masks for showing limits of unwanted emissions, 00:03:30.335 --> 00:03:33.422 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:57% to two tone tests on an RF power amplifier. 00:03:33.422 --> 00:03:37.134 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:42% Because of how powerful a tool a signal analyzer is, 00:03:37.134 --> 00:03:41.680 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:55% it is practically owned across all engineering labs for design development 00:03:41.680 --> 00:03:43.932 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:45% and testing of engineers' devices. 00:03:43.932 --> 00:03:46.435 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:55% If you need to see the frequency makeup of your signals, 00:03:46.435 --> 00:03:49.062 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:53% a signal analyzer is a great tool to have. 00:03:49.062 --> 00:03:51.815 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:40% Also if you'd like to dig deeper into spectrum analysis, 00:03:51.815 --> 00:03:54.609 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:40% check out the application note in the description below. 00:03:54.609 --> 00:03:56.361 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:33% That's it for this episode. 00:03:56.361 --> 00:03:58.572 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:28% Thank you so much. 00:03:58.572 --> 00:04:00.282 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:19% What the RF? 00:04:00.282 --> 00:04:02.409 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:47% Who keeps turning off these lights? 00:04:08.415 --> 00:04:09.458 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:9% Hello? 00:04:10.083 --> 00:04:11.501 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:9% Hello? 00:04:11.501 --> 00:04:13.295 align:center line:-1 position:50% size:19% What the RF?