Technical Overviews
Introduction
TD-SCDMA Measurement Application
The TD-SCDMA measurement application transforms the X-Series signal analyzers into standard-based TD-SCDMA transmitter testers by adding fast, one-button RF conformance measurements to help you design, evaluate, and manufacture your TD-SCDMA devices. Software capability is further enhanced by adding support to phase shift or rotation for multi-carrier TD-SCDMA signals, allowing you to stay on the leading edge of design and manufacturing challenges.
The TD-SCDMA measurement application is just one in a common library of more than 25 measurement applications for the Keysight Technologies, Inc. X-Series signal analyzers, an evolutionary approach to signal analysis that spans instrumentation, measurements and software. The X-Series analyzers, with upgradeable CPU, memory, disk drives, and I/O ports, enable you to keep your test assets current and extend instrument longevity. Proven algorithms, 100% code-compatibility, and a common UI across the X-Series create a consistent measurement framework for signal analysis that ensures repeatable results and measurement integrity so you can leverage your test system software through all phases of product development. In addition to fixed, perpetual licenses for our X-Series measurement applications, we also offer transportable licenses which can increase the value of your investment by allowing to you transport the application to multiple X-Series analyzers.
TD-SCDMA Technology Overview
Time Division-Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) combines FDMA, CDMA and TDMA technologies. Unlike W-CDMA and cdma2000® technologies, this TDD standard transmits and receives on the same frequency, which greatly increases spectrum efficiency. Because TD-SCDMA effectively handles symmetrical and asymmetrical traffic, it is ideal for data-intensive applications, such as mobile Internet access and multimedia applications. TD-SCDMA was proposed by China Wireless Telecommunication Standards group (CWTS) and approved as a 3G technology by ITU in 1999. The TD-SCDMA standard now is fully supported by 3GPP and China Communication Standards Association (CCSA). The 3GPP TD-SCDMA standard is also known as the low chip rate (LCR) option of TDD, which is included in the 3GPP Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) as the UTRA-TDD option. In combination of Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Time Division Duplex (TDD), the TD-SCDMA technology is based on the backbone of TDMA-TDD operation which significantly improves network performance by allowing radio resources to process network traffic in both directions, per uplink and downlink. There are 7 time slots (numbered 0 through 6) in a single 5 ms long frame, and within each time slot there are up to 16 code channels that are available to allocate to a single user or to distribute among multiple users. Time division duplexing is used to separate uplink and downlink periods in a given time frame. Therefore, a resource unit (RU) is defined by a frequency, time slot, and code channel with spreading factor. The basic resource unit uses a spreading factor of 16. In TD-SCDMA, the chip rate is 1.28 Mcps and each carrier signal occupies 1.6 MHz bandwidth. Since the adoption of TD-SCDMA by the 3GPP body, the standard has continued to evolve. As with W-CDMA, the high-speed downlink packed access (HSDPA) and the high-speed uplink packed access (HSUPA) specifications for TD-SCDMA were added into 3GPP Release 5 and, respectively, HSPA+ features for TDD are part of 3GPP Release 8. Meanwhile, the 3GPP has specified UMTS Long Term Evolution (LTE) TDD mode as the evolution patch for TD-SCDMA, which is also referred to as TD-LTE.
RF Transmitter Tests
With the TD-SCDMA measurement application, perform RF transmitter measurements on BTS and mobile devices in time, frequency and modulation domains. The TD-SCDMA and HSPA signals as well as HSPA+ signals with all modulation formats, as shown in Table 2, can be measured.
Standard-based RF transmitter tests
The RF transmitter test requirements for TD-SCDMA are defined in TS 25 and 34 series of 3GPP standard.
Measurement details
All of the RF transmitter measurements as defined by the 3GPP standard, as well as a wide range of additional measurements and analysis tools, are available with a press of a button. These measurements are fully remote controllable via the IEC/IEEE bus or LAN, using SCPI commands.
Analog baseband measurements are available on the PXA or MXA signal analyzer with BBIQ option. Supported baseband measurements include EVM and power versus time.
Definitions
95th percentile values indicate the breadth of the population (≈2σ) of performance tolerances expected to be met in 95% of cases with a 95% confidence. Typical values are designated with the abbreviation “typ.” These are performance beyond specification that 80% of the units exhibit with a 95% confidence. Nominal values are designated with the abbreviation “nom.” These values indicate expected performance, or describe product performance that is useful in the application of the product.
PXA specifications apply to analyzers with frequency options of 526 and lower. For analyzers with higher frequency options, specifications are not warranted but performance will nominally be close to that shown in this section.
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